Hemorrhagic Viral Disease
Hemorrhagic viral diseases caused by highly infectious viruses lead to a potentially lethal disease syndrome characterized by fever, malaise, vomiting, mucosal and gastrointestinal bleeding, edema, and hypotension. These viruses have been studied widely. As a virology antibody expert, Creative Biolabs provides thousands of primary and secondary ViroAntibodies products to meet clients’ requirements.
Introduction
Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are a diverse group of animal and human illnesses in which fever and hemorrhage are caused by a viral infection. These infections can damage the blood vessels and cause dangerous bleeding in organs throughout the body. VHFs are caused by ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses from four distinct families. Some of these viruses cause mild illness. Many others lead to life-threatening diseases with no known cures.
Etiology
Four families of RNA viruses have been recognized as being able to cause hemorrhagic fevers.
- Arenaviridae family (Lassa virus and New World arenaviruses)
- Bunyaviridae family (Congo-Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever, Hantaan virus, Puumalavirus, Rift Valley Fever, etc.)
- Filoviridae family (Ebola and Marburg)
- Flaviviridae family (Dengue virus, Yellow fever virus, Kyasanur forest disease virus, Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus, etc.)
Fig.1 Geographical distribution of VHFs. (Zapata, 2014)
Pathophysiology
Viral hemorrhagic fevers are spread by contact with infected animals or insects. The liver and the adrenal gland are important target organs for all of the hemorrhagic fever viruses. Although the viruses differ in some features, all of these illnesses are characterized by fever, malaise, and muscle aches. Immunological mechanisms and direct infection of the vascular tissue can both cause vascular damage. From the vascular perspective, hemorrhagic fever viruses have an affinity for the vascular system and the viruses will infect vascular endothelial cells, increased vascular permeability leads to a fall in plasma volume and the development of coagulation defects that can result in bleeding. Treatment for VHF infection is primarily supportive. There are no antiviral drugs approved by the US FDA.
More Details
Recently, anti-viral antibody generation technology is undergoing rapid development. Armed with advanced technology and years of experience, Creative Biolabs can provide a fully comprehensive suite of primary antibodies, secondary antibodies, and isotype controls to meet your needs. Pseudovirus and pseudohost are also on our catalog. Please feel free to contact us for further information.
Reference
- Zapata, J C; et al. The role of platelets in the pathogenesis of viral hemorrhagic fevers. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2014, 8(6): e2858.
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