Canine Parvovirus (CPV)
Canine Parvovirus (CPV) Antibody Products by Targets
Background
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a highly contagious viral disease that commonly causes acute gastrointestinal illness in puppies and/or dogs who have not been immunized. Dogs suffering from canine parvovirus infection are commonly referred to as having "parvo." Other mammals, such as foxes, wolves, cats, and skunks, are frequently infected with CPV. To control the disease, vaccines such as multivalent vaccines and monovalent CPV-2 vaccines have been widely used.
CPV Structure
CPV is a member of the Protoparvovirus genus and the Parvoviridae family. CPV is a non-enveloped DNA virus with a 5.2 kb linear single-stranded DNA genome and two major open reading frames (ORFs). ORF1 encodes the non-structural proteins 1 and 2. (NS2). ORF2 is responsible for encoding the capsid proteins VP1 and VP2. Following VP2 cleavage by host proteases, an additional VP3 protein is produced. All three capsid proteins are present in 60 copies in viral capsid proteins, with VP2 being the most abundant. These subunits join together to form a 26 nm icosahedron. The CPV-2 VP2 protein is known to influence antigenic properties, playing critical roles in controlling viral host ranges and tissue tropisms.
Fig.1 CPV structure (Arora, et al., 2021); and mutations in the CPV genome (Voorhees, et al., 2019).
CPV Classification
The pathogenic CPV-2 and CPV-1, also known as the canine minute virus, are two distinct CPVs (MVC). CPV-1 is not thought to be a major cause of disease, whereas CPV-2 is the most serious and affects both domesticated and wild canids. In 1978, the original CPV-2 went global. CPV-2 evolved into three antigenic variants, CPV-2a and CPV-2b, which have gradually replaced it. The relative frequencies of CPV antigenic variants vary by country, and variant distribution is not constant. Some mutations' global spread and the timing of their emergence are difficult to explain.
Fig.2 Genetic relationship and host ranges of feline panleukopenia virus, CPV and related parvoviruses. (Hoelzer & Parrish, 2010)
Antibodies to CPV
Creative Biolabs has a long history of producing and supplying monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Our lab can provide you with high-quality antibodies against CPV to help you advance your research in veterinary immune systems. If an antibody or target is not found in our catalog, we offer customized antibody development services such as antibody discovery, engineering, and customized services. All antibodies have been validated in a variety of research applications and with samples derived from a variety of different species.
To begin your research, browse our entire catalog of CPV antibodies. Please contact us for more information.
References
- Arora, R.; et al. Canine parvovirus and its non-structural gene 1 as oncolytic agents: Mechanism of action and induction of anti-tumor immune response. Frontiers in oncology. 2021: 1290.
- Voorhees, I.E.H.; et al. Limited intrahost diversity and background evolution accompany 40 years of canine parvovirus host adaptation and spread. Journal of virology. 2019, 94(1): e01162-19.
- Hoelzer, K.; Parrish, C.R. The emergence of parvoviruses of carnivores. Veterinary research. 2010, 41(6): 39.
