Bovine Papillomavirus (BPV) Antibody Products by Targets
Fig. Schematic of a BPV1 virion. (Karanam, et al., 2009)
Introduction
Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) is a globally distributed cosmopolitan virus that causes bovine papillomatosis (BP). BPVs cause mostly benign tumors of the skin and mucous membranes of the digestive and urogenital tracts. The benign papillomas usually regress on their own, but in the presence of co-factors, they can progress to malignancy. Although PVs are known to be species-specific, some BPVs have been shown to infect multiple species. There have been numerous reports of BPV infection in domestic animals such as cattle, birds, and wild animals such as tapir, giraffe, antelope, and zebras, and BPVs appear to cause mesenchymal neoplasia in horses and cats. BPV-associated tumors have veterinary and agricultural implications in and of themselves, but they have also been studied as a good model for human papillomavirus (HPV).
Structure of BPV
BPV is a non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus that belongs to the Papillomaviridae family and has an icosahedral symmetry with an 8 kb circular genome. The entire BPV genome is divided into three sections: the early region (E), the late region (L), and the noncoding region (NCR). The E region encodes nonstructural proteins E1 to E7, which are required for virus replication to begin. The major (L1) and minor (L2) capsid proteins are encoded by the late region. The LCR, also known as the noncoding region, does not encode any proteins but serves as the origin of replication (ori).
Fig.2 Schematic of BPV particle. (Lunardi, et al., 2013)
Classification
BPV is made up of 29 different types that are divided into five genera (Delta-, Dyoxi-, Dyokappa-, Epsilon-, and Xipapillomavirus). Each has the potential to cause type-specific lesions. For example, BPV2 is strongly linked to urinary bladder neoplasia, whereas BPV4 is linked to upper alimentary tract tumors in cattle.
- Deltapapillomavirus includes BPV1, 2, 13 and 14. They induce cutaneous fibropapillomas which consist of both epithelial and dermal components.
- Xipapillomavirus includes BPV3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 17, 20, 23, 24, 26, 28 and 29. This genera is responsible for the occurrence of true papillomas, strictly epitheliotropic.
- Epsilonpapillomavirus includes BPV5, 8 and 25. They induce both true papillomas and fibropapillomas.
- Dyoxipapillomavirus includes BPV7.
- Dyokappapapillomavirus includes BPV16, 18 and 22.
Other new BPV 19 and BPV 21 belong to an undefined genus.
Anti-BPV antibodies
Creative Biolabs offers a wide range of antibodies for veterinary and animal research. Our lab can provide you with high-quality antibodies against BPV to help you advance your research. If an antibody or target is not found in our catalog, we offer customized antibody development services such as antibody discovery, engineering, and customized services. Our well-trained team has extensive experience with all aspects of project development. Please contact us if you require any additional information.
To begin your research, browse our entire catalog of BPV antibodies.
References
- Karanam, B.; et al. Developing vaccines against minor capsid antigen L2 to prevent papillomavirus infection. Immunology and cell biology. 2009, 87(4): 287-299.
- Lunardi, M.; et al. Bovine Papillomaviruses-Taxonomy and Genetic. Curr Issues Mol Virol Viral Genet Biotechnol Appl. 2013, 113.
