Bluetongue Virus (BTV)

Bluetongue Virus (BTV) Antibody Products by Targets

Structure of BTV. Fig.1 Structure of BTV. (Roy, et al., 2009)

Introduction

Bluetongue is a non-contagious infectious viral disease spread by insects that is caused by the Bluetongue virus (BTV). BTV is the most common orbivirus in the Reoviridaefamily. It is capable of infecting all wild and domestic ruminants, including sheep, goats, cattle, buffaloes, deer, and the majority of African antelope and camel species. The vast majority of animals are immune to BTV, but it only causes serious disease in sheep. Bluetongue disease was discovered in southern Africa in the 1800s. This virus has spread rapidly over the last few decades, with 27 serotypes identified to date. The severity of the disease depends on the serotype and species involved.

Structure of Adenovirus

The BTV particles have a non-enveloped, icosahedral, double-capsid structure with a 75 nm inner core and a 90 nm outer capsid. BTV's genome is a linear double-strand RNA that is 19kb in length. The genome is divided into ten segments, each of which encodes seven structural proteins (VP1-VP7) and five nonstructural proteins (NS1, NS2, NS3/3a, and NS4). The viral particle's outer shell contains 60 triskelion-like VP2 spikes surrounded by 120 globular trimers of VP5, the membrane penetration protein. VP2 and VP5 are highly variable among serotypes, implying that mutations may have played a significant role in the evolution of multiple serotypes. The intermediate layer is made up of 260 trimers of the major immunodominant VP7 structural protein. The inner capsid core is made up of VP3 monomers as well as VP1, VP4, and VP6.

Schematic of BTV particle.Fig.2 Schematic of BTV particle. (Rodríguez-Martín, et al., 2013)

Genome Protein Functions
Structural Proteins Outer Shell Segment 2 VP2 Cell attachment and virus entry
Segment 6 VP5 Cell attachment and virus entry
Middle Shell Segment 7 VP7 Attachment and penetration
Inner Shell Segment 3 VP3 Viral RNA replication and virion assembly
Segment 1 VP1 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
Segment 4 VP4 Guanylyltransferase or transmethylase
Segment 9 VP6 RNA helicase
Non-structural Proteins Core Segment 5 NS1 Promotes viral protein expression
Segment 8 NS2 RNA binding protein
Segment 10 NS3/NS3a Virion egress and IFN antagonism
Segment 9 NS4 Promotes viral replication

Table 1 The BTV proteins and functions.

Anti-BTV antibodies

Creative Biolabs is pleased to offer comprehensive, high-quality antibodies for all veterinary species. Our lab can provide you with high-quality antibodies targeting BTV to help you advance your research in veterinary disease research. Because the ready-to-use catalog is not available for all targets, we also offer customized antibody development services such as antibody discovery, engineering, and customized services. Please contact us for more information, a quote, or to set up a teleconference.

To begin your research, browse our entire catalog of BTV antibodies.

References

  1. Roy, P.; et al. Prospects for improved bluetongue vaccines. Nature Reviews Microbiology. 2009, 7(2): 120-128.
  2. Rodríguez-Martín, D.; et al. The interplay between bluetongue virus infections and adaptive immunity. Viruses. 2021, 13(8): 1511.
All products and services are intended for Research Use Only, and NOT to be used in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

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