Avian Metapneumovirus (AMPV)

Avian Metapneumovirus (AMPV) Antibody Products by Targets

Introduction

Avian metapneumovirus (AMPV), also known as avian pneumovirus, turkey rhinotracheitis, or swollen head syndrome, primarily affects turkeys and chickens but also affects other avian species. The virus replicates in both the respiratory and reproductive tracts. It is a major respiratory pathogen in poultry all over the world, causing an acute highly contagious upper respiratory tract infection that is sometimes associated with reproductive problems. In South Africa, the first infections were discovered in turkeys in 1978. At the moment, six subtypes (A, B, C, D, and two new subtypes) have been identified. Subgroup C is more closely related to human MPV than any other AMPV subgroup, according to sequence analysis.

Viral Genome and Proteins

AMPV is an icosahedral, enveloped virus from the genus Metapneumovirus, subfamily Pneumovirinae of the family Paramyxoviridae. Typically, the virion can be spherical or filamentous. The spherical particles have a diameter of 100 to 500 nm and the filamentous particles have a width of 100 nm. The majority of the particles are rounded rather than highly pleomorphic. The virus RNA is a negative-sense, single-stranded, nonsegmented RNA with a length of 13.5 to 14 kb. The AMPV genome is made up of eight viral protein genes, which are listed as follows: nucleocapsid - phosphoprotein - matrix - fusion - second matrix - small hydrophobic - glycoprotein - large polymerase (3'-N-P-M-F-M2-SH-G-L-5').

Fig.2 A schematic diagram of the genome structure of AMPV. (Rautenschlein, et al., 2013)

AMPV Proteins

The AMPV virion contains three membrane proteins (G, F, and SH). F and G glycoproteins protrude from the envelope (lipid membrane), mediating virus attachment and membrane fusion. Sh is a type II integral membrane glycoprotein of 174-175 aa for APMV that is not required for viral replication in vitro. The AMPV M2 gene contains two overlapping open reading frames (ORFs) that encode two putative proteins involved in viral RNA transcription or replication, M2-1 and M2-2. The helical ribonucleoprotein complex formed by nucleocapsid-associated proteins (N, P, L) encapsidates the linear genomic RNA molecule.

Creative Biolabs is dedicated to providing a wide range of antibodies for veterinary and animal research. We now offer a variety of AMPV antibodies that target various proteins (eg. G, N, P, L, etc.). We can provide custom antibody and development services at a variety of scales to meet your needs, including antibody discovery, engineering, and customized services, based on our antibody platform. If you require any additional information, please do not hesitate to contact us.

References

1. Kumar, P.; Srivastava, M. Prophylactic and therapeutic approaches for human metapneumovirus. Virusdisease. 2018, 29(4): 434-444.
2. Rautenschlein, S.; et al. 11 Avian Metapneumoviruses. Mononegaviruses of Veterinary Importance, Volume 1: Pathobiology and Molecular Diagnosis. 2013, 1: 185.